Wearable and implantable devices

The first wearable development was the design and manufacture of an implantable pressure sensor for measuring pulmonary artery pressure. It was based on the intracranial pressure monitoring device developed by the Implantable Devices Group at ABI, patented in the US in 2024, and the spinout company Kitea Health was established for human trials and commercialisation.

The work on data transfer for wearable devices commenced in 2023. Relevant IEEE standards based on IEEE 11073 were identified for data transfer to patient portals. The IEEE-11073-10206 (information models) and IEEE-11073-10101 (nomenclature) standards were applied. An open-source Python library was written, and the demonstration of secure ECG data/metadata transfer from Vernier ECG to the 12 Labours Digital Translational Workflows for Integrating Systems (DigitalTWINS) Measurement Data Repository was completed.

Further developments in data acquisition from wearable devices have focused on metadata content and formatting. Procedures have been developed that are compatible with the 12 Labours DigitalTWINS AI platform infrastructure. Consistent data formats and descriptions are used within the SDS (SPARC Data Structure) standard, defining a standardised interface for making this data available to computational workflows. This framework has now been applied across various data sources, including smart-watch wearable devices, data from the body imaging rig, and experimental electrophysiological recordings from the rat uterus (Exemplar Project 3). This last case study provides comprehensive coverage of the entire experimental process, from data collection through analysis to the generation of publication-ready figures, utilising the DigitalTWINS repository and workflows. Ongoing work describes the interfaces required for real-time feedback for model-based augmented reality in clinical soft tissue mapping, and once implemented, will enable dynamic data collection and analysis within the same platform.